Verbs

Can and Can't for Ability

Level A1 Verbs
Key idea

Use 'can' to say what you are able to do, and 'can't' (cannot) to say what you are not able to do. The form stays the same for every subject, so it is always "I can drive" and "She can't come today" with no -s and no 'to' after it. To ask a question, simply put 'can' first, as in "Can you help me?", without any form of 'do'. 'Can' is a modal verb, which means it is always followed by the bare base verb, never by 'to swim' or 'to drive'.

Examples

  • I can drive. the speaker is able to drive
  • She can't come today. she is not able to come today
  • Can you help me? asking for help

The full lesson

Everything in the video, in text.

  1. can / can't

    saying what you're able to do

    Three tiny mistakes can wreck one of English's most useful verbs — so let's get can right.

  2. can = able to do something

    Can is how you talk about ability — what you're able to do. It follows just three simple rules, and that's the whole lesson.

  3. can + base verb (no 'to')

    Rule one: can is always followed by the base verb — the plain form — with no to in between.

  4. can

    I can
    you can
    he / she / it can
    we can
    they can

    Rule two: it never changes. I, you, he, she, we, they — every single one just uses can. There's no extra -s on he or she, ever.

  5. I can swim.

    base verb, no 'to'

    Let's see it. Talk about a skill you have, and just add the plain verb: I can swim.

  6. She can drive.

    no -s on can

    Notice it's she can — not she cans. Can never takes an -s: She can drive.

  7. We can speak two languages.

    same form for everyone

    Same word for groups, too: We can speak two languages.

  8. She can't come today.

    can + not = can't

    Rule three is about negatives and questions, and here can does the work itself. For not able to, just add n't: She can't come today.

  9. Can you help me?

    invert — no 'do'

    To ask a question, don't reach for do. Just flip can to the front: Can you help me?

  10. Yes, I can.

    no main verb needed

    And short answers are easy — you just reuse can on its own: Yes, I can.

  11. I can to swim. extra 'to'
    I can swim. bare verb

    No 'to' after a modal like 'can'.

    Now the two traps. First, never put to after can. It's not I can to swim — a modal like can takes the bare verb.

  12. Do you can swim? 'do' + 'can'
    Can you swim? just invert

    'Can' makes its own questions and negatives.

    Second, never use do with can. It's not Do you can swim? — can already asks the question all by itself.

  13. Remember

    • can + base verb — no 'to'
    • same for every person — no -s
    • questions & negatives — no 'do'

    So: can plus the bare verb, the same for everyone, and it handles its own questions and negatives.