Questions & Negation

Negatives and Questions with 'To Be'

Level A1 Questions & Negation
Key idea

The verb 'to be' is special: it makes negatives and questions all by itself, without any helper word like 'do'. To make a negative, just add 'not' after the verb - 'I'm not ready', 'They aren't here'. To ask a question, simply put the verb before the subject - 'Is she at home?' This inversion is all you need, so you never say 'Do you are ready?' or write a statement like 'You are ready?' when you mean to ask a question.

Examples

  • I'm not ready. the speaker is not ready
  • Is she at home? asking whether she is at home
  • They aren't here. they are not here

The full lesson

Everything in the video, in text.

  1. Are you ready?

    negatives & questions with “to be”

    Do you are ready? That sounds wrong — and there's one simple reason why.

  2. “to be” makes negatives and questions by itself — no “do”.

    With the verb to be, you make negatives and questions all by itself. No do, no helper word — just the verb.

  3. Negative: put “not” after the verb.

    Let's start with negatives. To say something isn't true, you just add not right after the verb be.

  4. be — negative

    I am not · ’m not
    you / we / they are not · aren’t
    he / she / it is not · isn’t

    So: I am not, you are not, he is not. And in everyday speech we shorten them — I'm not, you aren't, she isn't.

  5. I'm not ready.

    “not” follows “am”

    Watch where not goes — right after the verb. I'm not ready.

  6. They aren't here.

    contraction of “are not”

    Are not usually becomes aren't — same meaning, just shorter. They aren't here.

  7. She isn't tired.

    contraction of “is not”

    And is not becomes isn't. She isn't tired.

  8. Question: put the verb before the subject.

    Now questions. To ask one, you flip the order — put the verb before the subject.

  9. Just swap the order

    Statement
    • You are ready.
    • She is home.
    Question
    • Are you ready?
    • Is she home?

    You are ready becomes Are you ready? She is home becomes Is she home? The subject and the verb simply swap places.

  10. Are you ready?

    verb before subject

    Just invert the two — Are you ready?

  11. Is she at home?

    verb before subject

    The verb comes first, then the subject. Is she at home?

  12. Do you are ready? extra “do”
    Are you ready? just invert

    With “to be”, never add “do” — the verb moves by itself.

    Here's the big trap: don't borrow do from other verbs. Do you are ready? is wrong — with be, you only invert.

  13. You are ready? statement order
    Are you ready? verb first

    A question inverts — it doesn't just add a question mark.

    And in writing, keeping statement order isn't a real question. You are ready? should be Are you ready? — verb first.

  14. Short answers echo “be”

    Yes
    • Yes, I am.
    • Yes, she is.
    No
    • No, I'm not.
    • No, she isn't.

    One more handy thing: short answers reuse be too. Yes, I am. No, she isn't. You echo the verb — never do.

  15. Remember

    • Negative → “not” after the verb
    • Question → verb before the subject
    • Never add “do”

    So remember: negatives add not after be; questions put be before the subject — and you never need do.