Nouns & Articles

Plural nouns in the nominative

Level A1 Nouns & Articles
Key idea

In the nominative plural, masculine nouns take -i (grad → gradovi/gradi), feminine -a nouns take -e (žena → žene), and neuter nouns take -a (selo → sela). Many short masculine nouns insert -ov-/-ev- (grad → gradovi).

Examples

  • gradovi cities
  • žene women
  • sela villages

The full lesson

Everything in the video, in text.

  1. množina

    nominative · grad → gradovi

    One grad — but how do you say several of them? An English -s won't work here. Serbian plurals have their own rules, and they depend on gender.

  2. Nominative plural — the ending depends on the noun's gender.

    This is the subject form — the answer to “who or what?”. And the ending depends on the noun's gender.

  3. the plural endings

    masculine → -i
    feminine -a → -e
    neuter → -a

    Three genders, three endings. Masculine takes -i, feminine nouns in -a take -e, and neuter takes -a. Remember: i, e, a.

  4. žena → žene

    feminine · -a → -e

    Let's start with the feminine. Žena ends in -a; in the plural that -a becomes -e — žene. žena → žene

  5. knjiga → knjige

    feminine · -a → -e

    Same with knjiga: it ends in -a, so the plural is knjige. knjiga → knjige

  6. selo → sela

    neuter · -o → -a

    Now the neuter. Selo ends in -o; in the plural that -o becomes -a — sela. selo → sela

  7. jezero → jezera

    neuter · -o → -a

    So jezero gives jezera too — again -o turns into -a. jezero → jezera

  8. student → studenti

    masculine · + -i

    Now the masculine. Longer nouns are easy: student takes -i — studenti, and profesor becomes profesori. student → studenti

  9. gradi no infix — wrong
    gradovi grad → grad-ov-i

    Short one-syllable masculine nouns insert -ov- (or -ev-) before the -i ending.

    But watch the short masculine nouns — that's where people slip up. Grad isn't “gradi”. You insert -ov-, giving gradovi. Many one-syllable nouns work this way.

  10. most → mostovi · kraj → krajevi

    short syllable · -ov- / -ev- + -i

    So most gives mostovi, sin gives sinovi. After a soft consonant you get -ev-: kraj becomes krajevi. most → mostovi · kraj → krajevi

  11. vojnik → vojnici

    k → c before -i (sibilarization)

    One more detail: when the stem ends in k, g or h, that sound changes before -i. Vojnik becomes vojnici. vojnik → vojnici

  12. grads · ženas no English -s
    gradovi · žene Serbian chooses by gender

    Forget the English -s: Serbian forms the plural with -i, -e, -a by gender.

    The biggest trap: don't add an English -s. There's no “gradovis” or “ženas”. Serbian picks the ending by gender — i, e or a.

  13. three genders, three endings

    singular
    • grad
    • žena
    • selo
    plural
    • gradovi
    • žene
    • sela

    Look at all three genders together: masculine in -i, feminine in -e, neuter in -a. Spot the gender first, then you know the ending.

  14. Remember

    • masculine -i, feminine -a → -e, neuter -a
    • short masculine: insert -ov- / -ev- (grad → gradovi)
    • never an English -s

    To recap: masculine -i, feminine -e, neuter -a. Short masculine nouns insert -ov- or -ev-. And never an English -s.