Kada koristim was, a kada were?

Was ide uz jedninu (I, he, she, it), na primjer "I was at home.", dok were ide uz you, we i they, na primjer "They were happy.". Pazite na čestu grešku "we was" ili "you was" - ona je pogrešna.

Treba li mi did za pitanja u prošlom vremenu s to be?

Ne. Kod glagola to be pitanje tvorimo obrtanjem reda riječi, a ne pomoćnim did. Točno je "Were you tired?", a ne "Did you were there?".

Kako se tvori niječni oblik?

Samo dodate not iza was ili were: I wasn't (was not) i they weren't (were not). Pomoćni glagol ovdje nije potreban.

Zašto u engleskom moram napisati zamjenicu, a u hrvatskom ne?

U hrvatskom često izostavljamo subjekt jer ga prepoznajemo iz oblika glagola ("Bio sam umoran"). U engleskom subjekt mora stajati ispred glagola, pa uvijek kažemo "I was tired.", a ne samo "was tired".

Glagolska vremena i vid

Prošlo vrijeme glagola "to be" (was / were)

Razina A1 Glagolska vremena i vid

Ključna ideja

Glagol "to be" u engleskom prošlom vremenu ima dva oblika: was koristimo uz I, he, she i it, a were uz you, we i they. Zato kažemo "I was at home." i "They were happy." Najvažnije je zapamtiti da niječni oblik i pitanja ne traže pomoćni glagol did: samo dodamo not (I wasn't) ili obrnemo red riječi, kao u "Were you tired?". Hrvatski govornici često znaju ispustiti zamjenicu (jer mi kažemo samo "Bio sam kod kuće"), no u engleskom subjekt mora ostati ispred glagola.

Primjeri

I was at home. the speaker was at home
They were happy. the people were happy
Were you tired? asking if someone was tired

Cijela lekcija

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was vs were

prošlo vrijeme od „to be”

Reci <t>we was there</t> i izvorni govornik odmah čuje pogrešku. Prošlo vrijeme od <t>to be</t> ima samo dva oblika, ali njihovo miješanje jedna je od najuočljivijih pogrešaka u engleskom.
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Prošlo vrijeme od 'to be' su samo dvije riječi: was i were.

Dobra vijest: treba naučiti samo dvije riječi. U sadašnjem vremenu <t>to be</t> ima <t>am</t>, <t>is</t> i <t>are</t>. U prošlom se sve to svodi na <t>was</t> i <t>were</t>.
Tko uzima što
was
I
he
she
it
were
you
we
they
Evo podjele. Koristi <t>was</t> za subjekte u jednini: <t>I</t>, <t>he</t>, <t>she</t> i <t>it</t>. Koristi <t>were</t> za ostale: <t>you</t>, <t>we</t> i <t>they</t>. Taj jedan redak cijelo je pravilo.
to be — prošlo vrijeme

I was
you were
he / she / it was
we were
they were

Pogledajmo cijelu paradigmu odjednom, da se obrazac usadi. Primijeti kako <t>was</t> pokriva <t>I</t>, <t>he</t>, <t>she</t> i <t>it</t>, a <t>were</t> pokriva <t>you</t>, <t>we</t> i <t>they</t>.
I was at home.
I → was

Počni s najjednostavnijim slučajem. <t>I</t> je jednina, pa uzima <t>was</t>. I was at home.
She was tired.
she → was

<t>He</t>, <t>she</t> i <t>it</t> rade potpuno isto: svi su jednina, svi s <t>was</t>. She was tired.
They were happy.
they → were

Sada prelazimo na <t>were</t>. <t>They</t> je množina, pa nikad ne uzima <t>was</t>. They were happy.
You were right.
you → were (uvijek)

Evo onoga na čemu se mnogi spotaknu. <t>You</t> uvijek uzima <t>were</t> – čak i kad govoriš jednoj osobi. You were right.
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Niječni oblik = was/were + not. Bez 'did'.

Sada nijekanje. Ne treba ti pomoćni glagol poput <t>did</t>. Samo dodaj <t>not</t> odmah iza <t>was</t> ili <t>were</t>, obično skraćeno u <t>wasn't</t> i <t>weren't</t>.
I wasn't ready.
was + not

Tako <t>I was not</t> postaje <t>I wasn't</t> – sam glagol nosi nijekanje. I wasn't ready.
❓
Pitanja: samo zamijeni redoslijed. Was/were ispred subjekta.

Pitanja su jednako laka. Opet bez <t>did</t>. Samo zamijeniš subjekt i glagol: <t>was</t> ili <t>were</t> ide naprijed.
Were you tired?
zamijeni redoslijed, bez 'did'

<t>You were tired</t> postaje <t>Were you tired?</t> – prvo glagol, bez pomoćnog. Were you tired?
✗ We was late. ❌ 'we' je množina

✓ We were late. ✅ we → were

Nikad ne spajaj subjekt u množini s 'was'.

Sada velika zamka. Čut ćeš <t>we was</t> i <t>you was</t> u razgovornom jeziku, ali u standardnom engleskom to je pogrešno. Subjekti u množini uvijek uzimaju <t>were</t>.
✗ Did you were there? ❌ bez 'did' uz 'to be'

✓ Were you there? ✅ samo zamijeni redoslijed

'To be' sam tvori svoja pitanja – izostavi 'did'.

I druga zamka: ne dodaji <t>did</t> u pitanje s <t>to be</t>. <t>Did you were there</t> pogrešno je dvostruko. Samo zamijeni redoslijed: <t>Were you there?</t>
Zapamti
- was → I, he, she, it
- were → you, we, they
- Bez 'did': dodaj 'not' ili zamijeni redoslijed
Dakle, da ponovimo: <t>was</t> za <t>I</t>, <t>he</t>, <t>she</t> i <t>it</t>; <t>were</t> za <t>you</t>, <t>we</t> i <t>they</t>. A <t>to be</t> ne treba <t>did</t>: za nijekanje i pitanje samo dodaj <t>not</t> ili zamijeni redoslijed.

Primjeri

was vs were

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